WORD FORMATION

Word is a meaningful element of speech, usu. Shown with a space on either side of it when written or printed. Word is a compound of letters which has some meaning. Noun, pronoun, adjective, determiner, verb, adverb, preposition, conjunction and sentence-connector etc. Are forms of word.

Making of a new word by compound of two or more words or making a new word by adding prefixes or suffixes is called word formation.

COMPOUND WORDS

A_Compound nouns can be formed as follows:-

1_ Noun + Noun; as:-

Airman, Armchair, Door-Step, Ear-Ring, Fire-Escape, Haystack, Lion-Tamer, Man-Servant, Moneylender, Moonlight, Newspaper, Oil-Lamp, Postman, Railway,  Ring-Leader, Shoemaker, Sign-Post, Trap-Door, Taxpayer, Teaspoon, Windmill, etc.

2_ Adjective + Noun; as:-

Black-Bird, Madman, Nobleman, Quicksilver, Sweetheart, Shorthand, Stronghold, etc.

3_ Verb + Noun; as:-

Breakfast, Cut-Throat, Daredevil, Make-Shift, Passport, Pick-Pocket, Stop-Gap, Spendthrift, Tell-Tale; etc.

4_ Gerund + Noun; as:-

Blotting-Paper, Drawing-Room, Laughing-Stock, Looking-Glass, Skipping-Rope, Stepping-Stone, Walking-Stick, etc.

5_ Adverb + Noun; as:-

After-Thought, Downfall, Fore-Sight, Out-Patient, Over-Dose, Overcoat, Post-Script, Under-Tone, Up-Land, Off-Shoot, etc.

6_ Adverb + Verb; as:-

Income, Intake, Output, Offspring, Upkeep, Upstart, Outbreak, Outlook, Outfit, Outburst, Outlet, Out-Cast, Outcome, Outset, Outcry, etc.

7_ Verb + Adverb; as:-

Break-Down, Die-Hard, Drawback, Fare-Well, Go-Between, Lock-Up, Run-Away, Send-Off, Stand-Still, Walk-Over, etc.

B_ Compound adjectives can be formed as follows:-

1_ Noun + Adjective/ Participle; as:-

Bed-ridden, Blood-red, Ear-piercing, Heart-rending, Head-strong, Hen-pecked, High-brow, Home-sick, Heart-broken, Hand-made, Lovelorn, Money-making, Moth-eaten, Noteworthy, World-wide, Life-long, Knee-deep, Purse-proud, Pitch-dark, Self- sacrificing, Skin-deep, Snow-white, Stone-blind, Weather-beaten, Water-proof, etc.

2_ Adjective + Adjective; as:-

Dark-brown, Dull-grey, Full-grown, Fool-hardy, Lukewarm, High-born, Ready-made, Red-hot, Thick-set, Worldly-wise, Wide-spread, etc.

3_ Adverb + Participle; as:-

Down-trodden, Down-hearted, Everlasting, Far-seeing, Inborn, Long-suffering, Never-ending, Out-spoken, Thorough-bred, Well-deserved, etc.

C_ Compound adverbs can be formed as follows:-

1_ Noun + Verb; as:-

Backbite, Browbeat, Earmark, Typewrite, Waylay, etc.

2_ Adjective + Verb; as:-

Dry-clean, Safe-guard, Whitewash, etc.

3_ Adverb + Verb; as:-

Foresee, Foretell, Undersell, Undertake, Undergo, Upset, Outbid, Outdo, Out-number, Overtake, Overdo, Overhear, Overthrow, etc.