It is that form of verb which is
a verb as well as an adjective. Therefore it is also called verbal adjective.
It is of two types: 1. Present participles and 2. Past participles.
A._Present Participles: It is always active and it
stands for an incomplete action or state. It always ends in ‘ing’.
a_I like reading holy books.
b_I can hear her singing a song.
B._Past Participles: It stands for an action or state
which is complete, and is no longer in progress. It is adjectively used in
passive if the verb from which it comes is a transitive verb.
a_Terrified, they stood crowded
together.
b_Driven by fury, the lion attacked
the hunter.
The use of participles: It can be
used in three ways:
i._ As
attributive adjective:-
a_A lost opportunity never returns.
ii._As
predicatively to complete the sentence:-
a_He appears to be learned, the boy
came laughing.
iii.
As absolutely with a noun or pronoun already happening:-
a_The sun having risen, the birds
began to sing.
b_The weather being hot, I did not
go out.
c_God willing, we shall all pass.
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